Pyunkang Yul Eye Cream for skin with dark spots

Questions and answers

What the research says

• A single application of a moisturizing fluid containing hyaluronic acid 1%, glycerin 5%, and Centella asiatica stem cells extract significantly increased skin hydration by 29% and reduced transepidermal water loss at 24 hours compared to baseline and an untreated control site in twenty healthy women.

  Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 2017

• Topical 2% N-acetyl glucosamine reduced facial hyperpigmentation in an 8-week split-face clinical test, with an even greater effect observed when combined with 4% niacinamide.

  Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2007

• Licochalcone A activated Nrf2 signaling, elevated cytoprotective enzymes, increased the reduced-to-oxidized glutathione ratio, and decreased reactive oxygen species in human fibroblasts and neutrophils, while a LicA-rich licorice extract lowered UVA-induced oxidative processes in vivo.

  Experimental Dermatology, 2015

• Astragaloside IV promoted keratinocyte migration, stimulated wound closure, improved skin strength, and exhibited anti-scar effects by decreasing collagen I/III and TGF-beta1 secretion in vitro and in vivo compared to blank controls.

  Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2012

• Astragaloside IV-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle-enriched hydrogel topically delivered sustainable drug release, enhanced keratinocyte migration and proliferation, and strengthened wound healing while inhibiting scar formation in a rat full-skin excision model compared to controls.

  International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2013

• The combination of astragalus extract and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promoted wound healing and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines in a murine skin wound model.

  Regenerative Medicine, 2022

• Combining 755 nm alexandrite laser with topical licorice gel significantly reduces terminal hair counts compared to alexandrite laser with placebo in women with idiopathic hirsutism.

  Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015

• Bioactive glycyrrhizic acid and oxymatrine ionic liquid self-assembled nanomicelles significantly promoted the transdermal permeation, subcutaneous retention, and anti-photoaging efficacy of palmitoyl pentapeptide-4 in cellular and animal models compared to unformulated peptide.

  Advanced Science, 2025

• Topical application of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Sophora japonica flavonoid-rich fractions individually and in combination significantly increased the wound healing rate and reduced oxidative stress compared to wound and Nolaver-treated groups.

  Molecules, 2023

• Topical application of 0.1% hyaluronic acid formulations of different molecular weights led to significant improvements in skin hydration and elasticity, with low-molecular-weight formulations also significantly reducing wrinkle depth in seventy-six female subjects compared to a vehicle control.

  Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 2011

• Topical application of hyaluronic acid in conjunction with free gingival graft significantly reduced donor site postoperative pain until day 7 compared to normal saline, with no significant differences in graft dimensions or patient satisfaction.

  Clinical Oral Investigations, 2022

• Treatment with a hyaluronic acid-containing mouth rinse or topical gel led to significant lesion reduction, pain relief, and normalization of lesion color in adult patients with minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis, with the gel formulation showing an earlier healing onset at 3 days.

  BMC Oral Health, 2019

• A combination cream of stimu-tex AS and saccharide isomerate reduced erythema, increased skin capacitance, and reduced transepidermal water loss compared to placebo in 20 subjects after fractional CO2 laser procedure without causing serious adverse events.

  Lasers in Medical Science, 2025

• A skin barrier restoring cream with shea butter, silkflo, and vitamin E increased type I procollagen synthesis, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity, decreased reactive oxygen species generation, and promoted hyaluronic acid production in H2O2-stimulated human keratinocyte cells compared to untreated cells.

  International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2025

• N-acetyl-glucosamine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers successfully delivered the hydrophilic agent through the skin and reduced melanin distribution in healthy volunteers.

  Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2016

• Topical cosmetic products containing hyaluronic acid, N-acetyl glucosamine, and gamma-amino butyric acid improved skin hydration by 24.28% to 33.60%, elasticity by 11.98%, and skin lightening by 5.26% over 2 months in 20 female participants.

  Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2019

• Liposomes containing N-acetyl glucosamine prepared using the fusion method significantly increased skin moisture content compared to empty liposomes in human volunteers over a 5-hour period.

  Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2013

Why other eye cares fit skin with dark spots better

• Niacinamide significantly decreased hyperpigmentation and increased skin lightness compared with vehicle alone after 4 weeks of use in women by inhibiting melanosome transfer.

  The British Journal of Dermatology, 2002

• Bakuchiol functions as an anti-aging compound through retinol-like regulation of gene expression, producing significant improvements in lines, wrinkles, pigmentation, elasticity, firmness, and photo-damage after 12 weeks of twice-a-day facial application without usual retinol therapy-associated undesirable effects.

  International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2014

• Topical application of a water-in-oil emulsion containing 2% Muscat hamburg grape seed extract significantly improved melanin, elasticity, and sebum content compared to a placebo in human volunteers over 8 weeks, with no reported skin hypersensitivity.

  International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2015

Ingredients

Astragalus Membranaceus Root Extract, Petrolatum, Dimethicone, Cetearyl Alcohol, Butyrospermum Parkii Butter Shea Butter, Glycerin, Phenyl Trimethicone, Ceresin, Pentylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol, Polysorbate 60, Butylene Glycol, Lauryl Peg-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Lactobacillus Ginseng Root Ferment Filtrate, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract Licorice Root Extract, Acetyl Glucosamine, Sodium Hyaluronate, Silica, Peg-100 Stearate, Glyceryl Stearate, Adenosine

Behind this fit score

Lovi calculates every fit score from the full ingredient list with brand-independent rules our dermatologists and cosmetic chemists build and review, and personalizes every pick with AI trained on the real results of millions of users. Lovi trains its fit score models on a proprietary dataset built from more than 10,000 expert-labeled products and more than 100,000 simulated examples, following an internally consistent methodology presented at Cosmoprof, AMWC, and Skin of Color Update.